A glottal stop from the throat, or a letter that is completely silent in pronunciation.
أَعُوذُ بِٱللَّهِ
A'ūdhu billāh
💡 The highlighted أ is a hamza — make a distinct glottal stop, like a brief catch in the throat before the vowel.
Prolonging a vowel sound. Natural madd lasts 2 beats; obligatory madd extends to 4–6 beats.
وَلَا ٱلضَّآلِّينَ
wa lad-dāāllīn · Al-Fātiḥah 1:7
💡 The آ is a madd letter followed by a doubled letter — stretch the "aa" sound for 6 full beats before the ل.
IKHFA — CONCEALMENT
Noon sākin or tanwīn before one of 15 letters — the noon is partially hidden with a nasal hum for 2 beats.
مِن شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ
min sharri mā khalaq · Al-Falaq 113:2
💡 The ن before ش is concealed — hum nasally for 2 beats with your tongue not touching the roof of your mouth.
Noon sākin or tanwīn merges into the next letter. With ghunna (ي ن و م): nasal hum 2 beats. Without ghunna (ل ر): instant merge.
مَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ
mayya'mal mithqāl · Az-Zalzalah 99:7
💡 The ن before يَ disappears into a nasal ya — sounds like "may-ya'mal", not "man ya'mal".
Letters ق ط ب ج د when vowel-less (sākin). A slight bouncing vibration — stronger at the end of a verse where you stop.
وَٱلطَّارِقِ
wat-tāriq · At-Tāriq 86:1
💡 Stopping on the ق at end of verse — let it bounce slightly after the stop. Never cut it completely flat.
GHUNNA / IQLAB — NASAL
Ghunna: nasal resonance on doubled ن or م for 2 beats. Iqlab: noon sākin before ب converts to a nasal meem sound.
مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ
mim ba'di mā jā'ak · Al-Baqarah 2:145
💡 The ن before بَ is an iqlab — convert it to a nasal "m" hum for 2 beats before the ب.
